Brief Research Report: The Need for Reforms in the Tanzania Intelligence and Security Service: Lessons from South Africa

caption...Photo collage of current Tanzanian spy chief Selemani Mombo (L) and his predecessors (2ndL to R) Ali Siwa, Said Masoro and Diwani Athumani

Abstract

The Tanzania Intelligence and Security Service (TISS) has been criticized for its opacity, lack of accountability, and human rights abuses. This research paper argues that reforms are necessary to address these concerns and ensure that the TISS aligns with democratic values and principles. Drawing on lessons from South Africa's experience with intelligence reform, this study identifies key areas for reform, including legislative oversight, institutional accountability, and whistleblower protection. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining a review of existing literature with expert interviews and content analysis of relevant documents. The findings suggest that the TISS requires significant reforms to enhance transparency, accountability, and respect for human rights. The paper concludes by outlining a roadmap for reform, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive overhaul of the TISS to ensure that it serves as a democratic institution rather than a tool of repression.